Benito Mussolini Was Born On July 29, 1883 Outside The Village Of Dovi

Benito Mussolini was born on July 29, 1883 outside the village of Dovia di Predappio in the Northeastern Italian province of Forli. He had one sister and one brother. They always fought and argued over little petty things with each other. His sister name was Edvige and his brothers name was Armaldo. His mother Rosa Malteni was a well respect and appreciated schoolteacher. His father Allesandro Mussolini was both a blacksmith and a committee socialist. He received his name Benito from the Mexican Revolutionary Juarez. Benito grew up as a delinquent, disobedient, and did not have any manners. He was a bully to the other children around him. He would get into numerous of fights with other children. Benito Mussolini was brought up in one the poorest regions in Northeastern Italy. When he was in school, he always kept to himself and very quiet. He wasnt a class clown, never cried or rarely laughed. He always sat in the back of the classroom and read a book. He rather do that than play with the other children in his class. He got kicked out his first boarding school. When he was growing up he was surrounded by many political philosophies. There was anarchism, socialism, and others. Both Benito and his father Allesandro had very bad violent tempers. When Benito grew up, he became a teacher in an elementary school in his nearby town; he spread the party of doctrine. He was an editor, Fascist leader, laborer, soldier, politician, and revolutionary. He also became a socialist. He graduated at a teacher training school in Forli, Italy. Then he moved to Switzerland to find a better place to work. When he was in Switzerland, he got in trouble with the law for fighting and vagrancy. So he decided to move back to Italy but in Trent. When he returned he worked for a Social Newspaper Company and wrote several literacy works. The newspaper was called La Lotta di Classe (The Class Struggle). The towns people loved his newspaper. He made the editor of Avanti (forward); it was published in Milan. When Benito wrote some ignorant and cruel suggestions and ideas in the newspaper. So the he was fired. He then decided to created his own newspaper. He called it, Li Popolo d Italia (The People of Italy). He hoped the war between Italy and Turkey might lead to collapse of society that might bring him to power. He wrote violent news articles trying to get an Italian war. When Benito was promoted to the officer of the police force (the commander). He was told to calm down on what he was writing in the newspaper articles. When World War I broke out, Mussolini was against the war. Two months after the war began; he was in favor of Italy entering the conflict and was expelled from the Socialist Party. In 1915, Italy entered the war. Mussolini was drafted into the army. In World War I, he fought in the trenches on the Italian-Austria front. Soon right after his draft, he was injured and discharged when a grenade launcher over-heated and blew up. During the chaos that was going down in Italy after the war, Mussolini influenced many more Italians and his power grew stronger and wiser. He was a reformer and than came a believer in power. Benito wanted to have power over all Italy. He wanted Italy to enter a war, immediately against Germany, but they never did. In 1919, the fascist attacked a socialist rally in Milan. Mussolini and over a hundred of his own men were thrown in prison for possession of illegal arms. All the men and including Mussolini were released the next day. Soon afterwards the police didnt even bother to interfere with fascist violence. Mussolini entered parliament in 1921 as a right wing member. Mussolini told some of his members of the Fascists to terrorize some of his colleagues. The government seldom interfered. In return for the support of a group of industrialists and agrarians, Mussolini gave his approval to strikebreaking, and he disowned revolutionary agitation. His Fascists marched on Rome, and King Victor Emmanuel III called on Mussolini to form a perfect government. Mussolini took over his realm and he created dictatorship. He

Free Essays on The Migration of Foreign Industries to Mexico

The migration of foreign industries to Mexico has been an important issue for the Mexican economy. Much of the Mexican-US border region is in the midst of an industrialization period that shows no signs of slowing. In some areas, many U.S. and foreign companies are seeking: low-wage workers, low operating costs, fewer union restrictions, and a strategically located platform from which to launch products into the American market. What is a maquiladora? (â€Å"maquilas†) Maquila is the short form of the word maquiladora. It was originally associated with the process of milling. In Mexico it became the word for another kind of processing the assembly of imported component parts for re-export. The maquilas in Mexico began as a border phenomenon over 30 years ago. With the support of the Mexican government, US firms set up assembly plants on the Mexican side of the border. They were allowed to import components and raw materials duty-free and re-export the finished product to the US. The Maquiladora industry began in May 1966 with the passage of the Border Industrialization Program. This program made it economically profitable for American businesses to establish operations in the northern Border States from Tijuana Mexico to the border towns near Texas. In Mexico, American maquilas have found a cheaper workforce. This has been one of the greatest motives for American industries to go to Mexico. With what a normal American worker gains in one day, a Mexican worker can be paid a whole week. If this is looked at in a future perspective, the maquila is going to make and gain more money over the years. This money can be used for many things; for example, for improving the installations, to give the worker better pay, to buy more infrastructures or just to save it for future investments. The existence and development of the maquiladora industry in Mexico is due primarily to foreign investment. There are many countr... Free Essays on The Migration of Foreign Industries to Mexico Free Essays on The Migration of Foreign Industries to Mexico The migration of foreign industries to Mexico has been an important issue for the Mexican economy. Much of the Mexican-US border region is in the midst of an industrialization period that shows no signs of slowing. In some areas, many U.S. and foreign companies are seeking: low-wage workers, low operating costs, fewer union restrictions, and a strategically located platform from which to launch products into the American market. What is a maquiladora? (â€Å"maquilas†) Maquila is the short form of the word maquiladora. It was originally associated with the process of milling. In Mexico it became the word for another kind of processing the assembly of imported component parts for re-export. The maquilas in Mexico began as a border phenomenon over 30 years ago. With the support of the Mexican government, US firms set up assembly plants on the Mexican side of the border. They were allowed to import components and raw materials duty-free and re-export the finished product to the US. The Maquiladora industry began in May 1966 with the passage of the Border Industrialization Program. This program made it economically profitable for American businesses to establish operations in the northern Border States from Tijuana Mexico to the border towns near Texas. In Mexico, American maquilas have found a cheaper workforce. This has been one of the greatest motives for American industries to go to Mexico. With what a normal American worker gains in one day, a Mexican worker can be paid a whole week. If this is looked at in a future perspective, the maquila is going to make and gain more money over the years. This money can be used for many things; for example, for improving the installations, to give the worker better pay, to buy more infrastructures or just to save it for future investments. The existence and development of the maquiladora industry in Mexico is due primarily to foreign investment. There are many countr...

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management Research Paper - 11

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management - Research Paper Example Idea generation is the fulcrum of a solid business plan. An idea is what makes a business go forward and that idea has to be brilliant and functional. This is the starting point; it can be because someone spotted a gap in the market or saw a flaw in the products already being sold. The development of this idea into a viable product or service is the key to a successful business. Including this part in the business plan is important as it shows where you got the idea from, it will also help other people judge how powerful the idea is and how far it can go. Strategic objectives are specific and well-defined objectives over a time frame; they tell you when and where the business’s condition is supposed to be. Some examples of these objectives can be: Increase revenues by 10% annually or Decrease expenses by 15% over the next 3 months. These objectives are essential as they provide guidance to the business. They also provide a picture to investors and other professionals on where the business will be after a certain time period. They are basically goals that will help the business move forward and they will always be a guideline to measure your results and performance against. Every start-up business will have objectives but it is also necessary to prioritize them, perhaps for a new business, it will be essential at first to be financially stable so the financial objectives come first. When the business is established the objective focus can be shifted to getting more customers in. It is always good to quantify your objectives as this way you will have data to measure against. The objectives should be balanced they should not be far-fetched, be attainable but at the same time be challenging enough to make the business move forward.

Week 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 2 - Coursework Example In this regard, comparative analysis of existing circumstance may influence the decision of an individual when it comes to ethics. In this respect, informed judgment must always be made by an individual to achieve the maximum results on the grounds of ethical expectations. When one is entangled in a situation where a difficult situation has to be made, exceptions on absolute ethical standards are always inevitable (Finser, 2003). There are various incidents that justifies disregard to absolute ethical standards. The motive may sometime justify an action and hence support deviation from absolute ethical standards. Take the instance where one plots to steal cakes to feed a starving family. Absolute ethical approach would consider this action as a wrong but the prevailing circumstance and motives turns out right. In this regard, the situation should be an exception of ethical absolutism. Another situation where the absolute ethical standard may disregarded is where one person is to be killed in an attempt to save several others. For instance, a driver who finds himself in a dilemma situation with a pedestrian to avoid hitting in an incident of brake failure while carrying several people may resort to running over the one pedestrian to save the mass. Although killing is wrong, acting in favor of the mass is ethically justified Finser, 2003). The examples and supportive facts discussed shows need to disobey absolute ethical standards in some

Meeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Meeting - Essay Example As the first order of business under delegations/recognition the Spotlight on Excellence was awarded to a Pre-AP English teacher and Coach at Alamo Heights High School. Secondly, Alamo Heights Public Relations Awards were highlighted. Specifically, the Alamo Heights School Foundation and District Communication Office had received three state awards from the Texas School Relations Association. The specifics of those awards were discussed. Individual students’ achievement in state academic and sport competitions were recognized. Alamo Heights High School Student Council was also recognized for achieving the 2011 National Gold Council of Excellence Award from the National Association of Student Councils. The meeting then turned to possible items for action. A new format for elementary report cards were presented and the meeting informed that the new designs will be introduced in Fall 2011. No details were provided. Similarly, a strategic plan update was recorded in the meetings w ith scant information. The only information recorded was that the an update was provided concerning the plans for the â€Å"multiple lines of district communication† (Board Briefs, 2011). Other presentations were recorded similarly. For instance a revised dual language program and lottery procedures were presented without the benefit of any other details.

Companys Product Line and Product Mix

Companys Product Line and Product Mix ACKNOWLEGEMENT I am thankful to Mr. KRISHNA GOPAL for providing me the task of preparing the Term Paper on COMPANYS PRODUCT LINE AND PRODUCT MIX RELATION. We at Lovely believe in taking challenges and the term paper provided me the opportunity to tackle a practical challenge in the subject of MARKETING MANAGEMENT. This term paper tested my patience at every step of preparation but the courage provided by my teachers helped me to swim against the tide and budge against the wind. I am also thankful to my friends and parents for providing me help at every step of grounding of the Term Paper. INTRODUTION:- PEPSICO Company PepsiCo is a world leader in convenient snacks, foods and beverages. Learn more about our brand, our company, and our people. Our Mission and Vision At PepsiCo, we believe being a responsible corporate citizen is not only the right thing to do, but the right thing to do for our business. Our Brands Pepsi Co is home to hundreds of brands around the globe. Listed here are some of our most recognized. PepsiCo Values and Philosophy Our Values Philosophy are a reflection of the socially and environmentally responsible company we aspire to be. They are the foundation for every business decision we make. The PepsiCo Family Meet the three major divisions of the PepsiCo family: PepsiCo Americas Beverages, PepsiCo Americas Foods, and PepsiCo International. Our History Lifestyle ImagePepsiCo has enjoyed a long, proud history dating all the way back to 1898. Take a trip down memory lane with us and explore some of our more memorable moments. Our People At PepsiCo, our people have driven our success for over 100 years. Meet the talented folks at the helm now and learn how theyre helping steer our company into the next 100. Our Progress PepsiCo is proud to share the progress weve made on of our Performance with Purpose agenda journey over the last year. Take a look at some the most significant successes. PRODUCT LINE:- Group of products manufactured by a firm that are closely related in use and in production and marketing requirements. The depth of the product line refers to the number of different products offered in a product line. For example, General Foods has about a dozen different products in its coffee product line. Each of these items is promoted as distinctive, although they share the same distribution channels and similar manufacturing facilities. McDonalds has developed a food product line that includes several hamburger, fish, and chicken sandwiches. A product line may be targeted to a particular customer group, such as Skill home shop tools, or sold to various customer types through the same outlets Product lining is the marketing strategy of offering for sale several related products. Unlike product bundling, where several products are combined into one, lining involves offering several related products individually. A line can comprise related products of various sizes, types, colours, qualities, or prices. Line depth refers to the number of product variants in a line. Line consistency refers to how closely related the products that make up the line are. Line vulnerability refers to the percentage of sales or profits that are derived from only a few products in the line. The number of different product lines sold by a company is referred to as width of product mix. The total number of products sold in all lines is referred to as length of product mix. If a line of products is sold with the same brand name, this is referred to as family branding. When you add a new product to a line, it is referred to as a line extension. When you add a line extension that is of better quality than the other products in the line, this is referred to as trading up or brand leveraging. When you add a line extension that is of lower quality than the other products of the line, this is referred to as trading down. When you trade down, you will likely reduce your brand equity. You are gaining short-term sales at the expense of long term sales. Image anchors are highly promoted products within a line that define the image of the whole line. Image anchors are usually from the higher end of the lines range. When you add a new product within the current range of an incomplete line, this is referred to as line filling. Price lining is the use of a limited number of prices for all your product offerings. This is a tradition started in the old five and dime stores in which everything cost either 5 or 10 cents. Its underlying rationale is that these amounts are seen as suitable price points for a whole range of products by prospective customers. It has the advantage of ease of administering, but the disadvantage of inflexibility, particularly in times of inflation or unstable prices. There are many important decisions about product and service development and marketing. In the process of product development and marketing we should focus on strategic decisions about product attributes, product branding, product packaging, product labeling and product support services. But product strategy also calls for building a product line. Length, width, and depth. Length is the number of product linescollections and services. Width is the number of categories within a product line such as the SF or large print collections or the number of services for adults. Depth is the number of copies for each item or the number of times that a service is available. Thus the product mix can be expanded by adding length or new product lines, width of a new category to an existing product line [graphic novels], or depth [adding more copies to make particular content more accessible PEPSI PRODUCT LINE:- The Pepsi-Cola drink contains basic ingredients found in most other similar drinks including carbonated water, high fructose corn syrup, sugar, colorings, phosphoric acid, caffeine, citric acid and natural flavors. The caffeine free Pepsi-Cola contains the same ingredients but no caffeine. Some of the different and varied brands of Pepsi are as follows: All Sport Aquafina Caffeine-Free Pepsi Crystal Pepsi Diet Pepsi Gatorade Izze Jazz Josta Mirinda Mountain Dew Mountain Dew AMP Mountain Dew LiveWire Mountain Dew MDX Mug Root Beer Pepsi Pepsi Blue Pepsi Cappuccino Pepsi Max Pepsi ONE Pepsi Samba Pepsi Tarik Pepsi Twist Propel Fitness Water Sierra Mist Slice SoBe Storm Teem Tropicana Products Tropicana Twister PRODUCT MIX:- The variety of product lines that a company produces, or that a retailer stocks. Product mix usually refers to the length (the number of products in the product line), breadth (the number of product lines that a company offers), depth (the different varieties of product in the product line), and consistency (the relationship between products in their final destination) of product lines. Product mix is sometimes called product assortment. PRODUCTS MIX OF PEPSICO:- PepsiCo makes products like Doritos, Lays, Cheetos, Fritos, Ruffle potato chips, Tostitos, Quaker Chewy granola bars, Sun Chips, Rold Gold pretzels, Stacys pita chips, Smartfood popcorn, Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Gatorade, Tropicana Pure premium, Sierra Mist, Propel, Tropicana juice drinks, Dole, SOBE Life Water, Aquafina, Capn Crunch, Life cereal, Starbucks ready to drink coffee, Lipton read to drink tea, Quaker oatmeal, Aunt Jemina pancake syrup, and Aunt Jemina pancake mix. Product Mix Decisions The term product mix was already defined. In the area of product mix, marketing decisions are width, length, depth and consistency. Width refers to number of product lines (Refer the new product management article). Length refers to the total number of items in a product line (different brands in a line). Depth refers to variants of each product in a line (different pack sizes of a brand). Consistency refers to how closely related the various product lines are in end use, production requirements, distribution channels, or some other way. Kotler says explicitly that product mix planning is largely the responsibility of the companys strategic planners. The top management has to assess with the information supplied by companys marketers, which the product mix. Hence the product mix is a shared decision by various functions of the company and not that of marketing department alone. Elements of a Product Mix If an organization is marketing more than one product it has a product mix. Product itema single product Product lineall items of the same type Product mixtotal group of products that an organization markets Depth measures the # of products that are offered within each product line. Satisfies several consumer segments for the same product, maximizes shelf space, discourages competitors, covers a range of prices and sustains dealer support. High cost in inventory etc. Width measures the # of product lines a company offers. Enables a firm to diversify products, appeals to different consumer needs and encourages one stop shopping. PEPSICO example in class. Why so many different products? Different needs of different target markets for the same product. Channels of distribution economies etc. LITRATURE REVIEW: Past analysis of product mix;- PRODUCT-MIX ANALYSIS Since top management is ultimately responsible for the product mix and the resulting profits or losses, they often analyze the company product mix. The first assessment involves the area of opportunity in a particular industry or market. Opportunity is generally defined in terms of current industry growth or potential attractiveness as an investment. The second criterion is the companys ability to exploit opportunity, which is based on its current or potential position in the industry. The companys position can be measured in terms of market share if it is currently in the market, or in terms of its resources if it is considering entering the market. These two factors-opportunity and the companys ability to exploit it-provide four different options for a company to follow. High opportunity and ability to exploit it result in the firms introducing new products or expanding markets for existing products to ensure future growth. Low opportunity but a strong current market position will generally result in the companys attempting to maintain its position to ensure current profitability. High opportunity but a lack of ability to exploit it results in either (a) attempting to acquire the necessary resources or (b) deciding not to further pursue opportunity in these markets. Low opportunity and a weak market position will result in either (a) avoiding these markets or (b) divesting existing products in them. These options provide a basis for the firm to evaluate new and existing products in an attempt to achieve balance between current and future growth. This analysis may cause the product mix to change, depending on what management decides. The most widely used approach to product portfolio analysis is the model developed by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG). The BCG analysis emphasizes two main criteria in evaluating the firms product mix: the market growth rate and the products relative market share. BCG uses these two criteria because they are closely related to profitability, which is why top management often uses the BCG analysis. Proper analysis and conclusions may lead to significant changes to the companys product mix, product line, and product offerings. The market growth rate represents the products category position in the product life cycle. Products in the introductory and growth phases require more investment because of research and development and initial marketing costs for advertising, selling, and distribution. This category is also regarded as a high-growth area (e.g., the Internet). Relative market share represents the companys competitive strength (or estimated strength for a new entry). Market share is compared to that of the leading competitor. Once the analysis has been done using the market growth rate and relative market share, products are placed into one of four categories. Stars: Products with high growth and market share are know as stars. Because these products have high potential for profitability, they should be given top priority in financing, advertising, product positioning, and distribution. As a result, they need significant amounts of cash to finance rapid growth and frequently show an initial negative cash flow. Cash cows: Products with a high relative market share but in a low growth position are cash cows. These are profitable products that generate more cash than is required to produce and market them. Excess cash should be used to finance high-opportunity areas (stars or problem children). Strategies for cash cows should be designed to sustain current market share rather than to expand it. An expansion strategy would require additional investment, thus decreasing the existing positive cash flow. Problem children: These products have low relative market share but are in a high-growth situation. They are called problem children because their eventual direction is not yet clear. The firm should invest heavily in those that sales forecasts indicate might have a reasonable chance to become stars. Otherwise divestment is the best course, since problem children may become dogs and thereby candidates for deletion. Dogs: Products in the category are clearly candidates for deletion. Such products have low market shares and unlike problem children, have no real prospect for growth. Eliminating a dog is not always necessary, since there are strategies for dogs that could make them profitable in the short term. These strategies involve harvesting these products by eliminating marketing support and selling the product only to intensely loyal consumers who will buy in the absence of advertising. However, over the long term companies will seek to eliminate dogs. As can be seen from the description of the four BCG alternatives, products are evaluated as producers or users of cash. Products with a positive cash flow will finance high-opportunity products that need cash. The emphasis on cash flow stems from managements belief that it is better to finance new entries and to support existing products with internally produced funds than to increase debt or equity in the company. Based on this belief, companies will normally take money from cash cows and divert it to stars and to some problem children. The hope is that the stars will turn into cash cows and the problem children will turn into stars. The dogs will continue to receive lower funding and eventually be dropped. PEPSICO PRODUCT MIX RELATE TO DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCT LINE: PepsiCo product line directs relate to has product mix. When companys product line is developed then product mix also developed. Because A product mix consists of all the product lines and items that a particular seller offers for sale. Avons product mix consists of four major product lines: cosmetics, jewelry, fashions, and household items. Each product line consists of several sublines. A companys. pepsico a fairly wide product mix consisting of many product lines, product mix has four important dimensions: width, length, depth, and consistency. Product mix width refers to the number of different product lines the company carries including paper, food, household cleaning, medicinal, cosmetics, and personal care products. Product mix length refers to the total number of items the company carries within its product lines. Procter Gamble typically carries many brands within each line. For example, it sells eleven laundry detergents, eight hand soaps, six shampoos, and four dishwashing detergents. Product line depth refers to the number of versions offered of each product in the line. Thus, pepsicos pepsi come into different different color and taste. Finally, the consistency of the product mix refers to how closely related the various product lines are in end use, production requirements, distribution channels, or some other way. Pepsico product lines are consistent insofar as they are consumer products that go through the same distribution channels. The lines are less consistent insofar as they perform different functions for buyers. PEPSICO product line delopment is closely relates to product mix because when product line is big then company product mix also developed. Product line and product mix have direct relationship. Depth of the product line:- Product line depth refers to the number of versions offered of each product in the line. Thus, pepsicos pepsi come into different different color and taste. Pepsico added depth to its product line more then width of product mix because companys product mix width is narrow and product line depth is good. (LIKE- PEPSI PRODUCT IS MORE THEN OTHER PRODUCT) Product mix WIDTH:- product mix has four important dimensions: width, length, depth, and consistency. Product mix width refers to the number of different product lines the company carries including paper, food, household cleaning, medicinal, cosmetics, and personal care products. Product mix length refers to the total number of items the company carries within its product lines. Pepsico typically carries many brands within each line. For example, it sells pepsi, Aquafina Starbucks (Partnership) Lipton (Partnership) WIDE WIDTH, AVERAGE DEPTH The product lines are defined in terms of academic departments. The depth of each line is shown by the number of different product items-course offerings-offered within each product line. (The examples represent only a partial listing of what a real university would offer.) The state university has made the strategic decision to offer a diverse market mix. Because the university has numerous academic departments, it can appeal to a large cross-section of potential students. This university has decided to offer a wide product line (academic departments), but the depth of each department (course offerings) is only average. In order to see the difference in product mix, product line, and products, consider a smaller college that focuses on the sciences represented in Table 2. This college has decided to concentrate its resources in a few departments. CONCLUSION:- PEPSICOS PRODUCT LINE IS MORE DEVELOPED THEN PRODUCT MIX. PEPSICO PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ALSO DEVELOPED ITS PRODUCT MIX. PEPSICO ADDED PRODUCT LINE DEPTH IS MORE THEN PRODUCT MIX WIDTH BECAUSE PEPSICO USE LIMITES OF DIFFERENT PRODUCT ITS INCREASE HAS PRODUCT LINE DEPTH. FOR INCREASING PRODUCT MIX. REFERANCE: http://pgdba.blogspot.com/2008/05/product-mix-product-line.html http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=enq=+PRODUCT+MIX+RELATE+TO+PRODUCT+LINEbtnG=Searchmeta=aq=ooq= http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=ensource=hpq=wikipediabtnG=Google+Searchmeta=aq=0oq=wi Assel, Henry. (1985). Marketing Management Strategy and Action. Boston: Kent Publishing Company. Bernhardt, Kenneth L., and Kinnear, Thomas C. (1983). Principles of Marketing. Scott, Foresman and Company. Dickson, Peter R. (1994). Marketing Management. Harcourt Brace College Publishers. Kotler, Philip (1980). Principles of Marketing. NJ: Prentice-Hall. Myers, James H. (1986). Marketing. McGraw-Hill. Schewe, Charles D., and Smith, Reuben M. (1983). Marketing Concepts and Applications. McGraw-Hill.

Death Essay -- Psychology, Anxiety

Death is an inescapable event in human life. Human beings, to a certain extent, are afraid of the unpredictable and inevitable death issues and deadly threats. Reason behind the anxiety is due to the difficulty to find a definitive answer of a question on life and death (Becker, 1973). We aware their ultimate fate of nonexistence and deaths often occurs uncontrollably. In order to explain the death anxiety, terror management theory (TMT) was developed to help to answer the human’s psychological reaction on the existential terror of mortality issue (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986; Pyszczynski, Greenberg & Solomon, 1999). According to TMT, self-esteem is a defensive motivation in tackling the everyday life threats. It is a subjective concept that individual is being a valuable part in the world. Human animals obtain self-esteem mainly from their individual belief on cultural worldview – symbolic perception on the society shared by groups of people (Greenberg & Solomon, 1999). Individuals believed that their own set of cultural worldview is the only true value in the society. They feel that they are the valuable units engaging in the culture worldview and hence the perceptual construction maintains self-esteem of one self as well as providing defensive function to the death anxiety. Since self-esteem is derived from a strong perception on conceptual belief, it is able to serve as a psychological buffer that protects people against the awareness and negative feelings towards death (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1995). It is strong enough to shield people’s anxiety from death reminder s (i.e. mortality salience). When there is mortality salience, people enhance their self-esteem as a defensive reaction against the death... ...l to restore the emotion stability (Taubman et al., 2002). Secure attachment behaviour of relationship partners served as distress-regulation function to deal with anxieties encounter in the environment. It is asserted that the role of self-esteem in TMT and the role of secure attachment on proximity maintenance share the function of minimizing anxiety. The mechanism of distress regulation on securely attached behavior is able to generalize the fear of death (Mikulincer, Florian, & Tolmacz, 1990). Similar to the notion suggested by TMT, individuals required higher self-esteem to defend against death anxiety. Also, people with higher self-esteem elicit less death anxiety than the one with lower self-esteem since the positive self-evaluation provides an emotional buffer to minimize the anxiety. Secure attachment behaviour is also the buffer to negative emotions.

Letters Home

Kristin Strickland History 370 Book Essay March 21, 2013 Letters from Vietnam I found that trying to find a book to read about the Vietnam War was rather difficult because there are so many of them out there. I chose Letters from Vietnam edited by Bill Adler because it was a point of view from many soldiers in the war and they were what they were truly feeling at the time. It is not one point of view when you read this many letters and a little background on each of the authors, but there are many points of views, feelings and emotions to help us better understand what they were going through emotionally and physically while overseas.When I first opened the book to the introduction section I was not sure what I was going to find because a lot of times they filter what is out there for us to read or stick to one scheme. This book has went any should us how many of the people felt and under different schemes. I know that Dr. Lofthus always says, â€Å"a picture is worth a thousand wor ds†, while in class but reading someone else’s words is worth much more and when done correctly you can feel what they were feeling when they wrote them.One of the first letters that I read that really stuck out and made me understand that they had to define things to their families and explain what some terms and other things were that maybe they were hearing from the news stations, was a letter written by First Lieutenant James Michener. He wrote the letter in the book while he was a helicopter pilot in Vietnam from 1966-1967. The letter was dated November 17, 1966 from Tuy Hoa, Vietnam and he starts by explaining the reason that he hasn’t written in a while is because he was away from his base for over a week.He goes on to say, â€Å"We were there to furnish air support to units of the IV (Fourth) Infantry Division (â€Å"Ivy Division†) and the 101st Airborne Division (â€Å"Screaming Eagles†). These units were making a general sweep of an area about one hundred miles square. They were looking for Victor Charlie (â€Å"VC†) – that’s what we call him. † While First Lieutenant Michener was writing letters to his family he explained many things about what he was seeing to having his helicopter hit with a bullet. You could tell from his letters that he was fighting for what he believes in. In the chapter titled â€Å"Reflection†, Sgt.David Glading writes a letter home to his girlfriend. He goes on to write, â€Å"It’s a beautiful night, moons out, stars, and no clouds, ya don’t even need a flashlight. I had just finished reading the paper and found a poem, so I’m sending it along. You know, you hear and read about all the things that go on over here, but don’t really understand or believe them until you see it. I’ve seen old men beat women, girls, little boy, and young men, I’ve seen the dead and wounded, and I’ve seen little children cry when their fathers are taken away. † I could not imagine writing a letter like that back home to a loved one.It would be hard to tell them the things that I have seen or how I was feeling. I would want to lie so that they thought I was ok and that everything was fine, but many of these letters if not all can be read and not give families the reassurance that they need. I want to end by saying that I received many letters and emails from my husband while he was in Iraq. He never once let on if anything was wrong. He always asked about our kids or how I was doing. He would tell me when he wanted a new picture or socks, but he never let on as to what he saw until after he was home.He would always reassure me that things were fine when the news would say something else, or when one of our aircraft from the base crashed he would call and tell me he was fine. I am not sure how I would handle a letter like these if they were sent to me. I did not live through that era, but I am sure that it helped them get the things off their chests and out of their minds so that they could continue what they were doing and not have all that accumulated inside. It is good to get it out and now we have all of these wonderful letters to give us an idea and understanding of what they all faced during the Vietnam Era.

Mistrust vs. Distrust

Mistrust vs. Distrust Mistrust vs. Distrust Mistrust vs. Distrust By Maeve Maddox A reader wants to know if there is a difference between the words mistrust and distrust. The short answer is, â€Å"No.† As verbs, both distrust and mistrust mean, â€Å"to be without confidence.† As nouns, both distrust and mistrust mean, â€Å"lack of trust or confidence.† The Google Ngram Viewer graph shows distrust as the more common of the two words since 1800. When I entered various phrases, the ones that began with distrust were more common than the ones with mistrust–with one curious exception: â€Å"mistrust my wife† was more common than â€Å"distrust my wife.† And neither â€Å"mistrust my husband† nor â€Å"distrust my husband† brought up any results at all. I predict that mistrust will eventually drop out of general use. I base my prediction on the fact that a red squiggly line appears under mistrust when I type a phrase with it into the Google search box. Another clue is that the search results come up prefaced with the question, â€Å"Do you mean distrust?† The only possible distinction I can discern between mistrust and distrust is that mistrust is a slightly â€Å"softer† word that may imply some doubt that the lack of trust is justified. Here are some examples of current usage of these synonyms: Marilyns insecurity made  her mistrust  everyone. Gen Halvorson cant resist reaching out to the little boy, despite his fathers obvious mistrust of her talents and her motives.   Politics has become static in America, and Americans  have always distrusted politicians.      I  distrust those  people who know so well what God wants them to do, because I notice it always coincides with their own desires. –Susan B. Anthony   Research has found we  distrust those who  are mean with their money. Cynicism  is an  attitude  or state of mind characterized by a general distrust of others motives believing that humans are selfish by nature. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Direct and Indirect Objects60 Synonyms for â€Å"Trip†Empathic or Empathetic?

Outlining and Writing an Analytical Essay

Outlining and Writing an Analytical Essay A blank page is every writers enemy. Whether youre a professional writer or a rookie at the task, the blank page is intimidating- especially when youre assigned an analytical essay. Thats why an outline is a writers best friend, even if youre only a writer for the day. By using an outline, you have a place to start and a format to follow. Not writing an analytical essay? This outline will still do most of the hard work for you in the writing process.What is an analytical essay?An analytical essay is an essay that specifically analyzes a document, which is generally textual or visual media. It concentrates on how something is done, specifically how a text is written or how a work is made. It can go by different names, such as Rhetorical Analysis or Critical Essay, but its important to remember that an analytical essay is not a summary and it is not an argumentative essay. You are not trying to convince anyone to change his or her mind. You are explaining how an author or creator portr ayed an aspect of his or her work.For example, you could write an analytical essay about how George Lucas used color to reflect a characters innocence in the original Star Wars trilogy. This will lead you to analyzing different colors the main characters are wearing, such as black, white, gray, brown, or a mixture. Once you conduct the research to gain a thorough understanding of the topic, you can begin using the outline to shape your essay.What does an analytical essay look like?An analytical essay is basically an expanded five-paragraph essay containing an introduction, body, and conclusion, with specific components required for each section.Basic outline of an Analytical Essay.IntroductionThe introductions significance in any essay shouldnt be underestimated. Your first goal in writing it is attracting the readers interest with a hook. Then, you should use it to lay the groundwork for what is to come, plainly state your thesis, and provide a brief explanation of what evidence yo u found to help you arrive at that thesis.Your introduction should have three parts:The hookThe hook is the very first sentence in your essay and has a simple yet important role of hooking your readers into reading further. Often, the hook is a great place to add background details that will interest your readers, such as a statistic or anecdote. You could also pose a question, state relevant facts, or introduce controversy.Many writers often find it easier to determine the hook after everything else is written. By doing so, you have a more complete view of your essay and can find a fitting hook that encapsulates it in its entirety.For example, if you were writing the Star Wars-based analysis that was proposed earlier, you could say:Black and white are often colors portraying good and evil throughout literature and film, and the original Star Wars trilogy was not exempt from this visual symbolism.This example introduces the essay topic of visual symbolism and explains the background of color symbolism in texts and media. Once these things are firmly established, you are ready to propose your thesis.The thesis statementThe thesis statement is the most important sentence in your entire essay because it narrows your broad topic into a specific purpose. Writing a strong thesis will also help you to outline the rest of your essay and to tell your reader what to expect.How do you write a great, cohesive thesis statement? You do it by combining the goal of your essay with your analysis, and how youre going to back it up.Returning to our Star Wars analytical essay example:George Lucas uses color to reflect a characters innocence and characterization in the original Star Wars trilogy through dressing innocent characters in white, those on the dark side in all black, and neutral characters in both black and white.SupportIn every five-paragraph essay, you need to include a brief statement of supporting facts as part of the thesis statement to show how you are going to ba ck up your thesis. Keep in mind that in longer essays, the thesis statement may be more than one sentence. In these cases, each supporting fact may have its own sentence or sentences. Please note that these supporting facts must be further detailed in the rest of your essay.It does not matter how many supporting facts your essay has or how many paragraphs go into each reason in the body of the essay. This is dependent on what you need to say, how in-depth the essay should be, and if the essay has a required length. Remember that every supporting fact mentioned in your thesis should be included in further detail within the body of your essay.BodyThe body is the framework or support structure for your thesis statement, and will be a significant part of your essays word count. However, dont attempt to make the body one big section; it can be broken down into mini sections and paragraphs to make it more logical and readable. These mini sections are dependent on the supporting facts you are using to back up your thesis statement. If your analytical essay uses a five-paragraph essay model, then each supporting fact (or mini section) should be one paragraph long.Additionally, each paragraph should have four components:ClaimEvidenceConnectionTransitionHowever, if the essay is longer than a traditional five-paragraph essay, each supporting fact will be more than one paragraph long, but each paragraph should still contain the four components.ClaimA claim is the topic sentence for the paragraph, and usually opens it. Often, it is a reworded version of a supporting fact from the thesis, but in longer essays it may be something else. For our example topic, you might write:Lucas often dresses his innocent characters in white clothing.This would tell the reader that the rest of the paragraph would be about Star Wars characters who wore white.EvidenceEvidence is what supports your claim and thesis through details of information youve gleaned while researching. This is the mea t of your essay and will provide a solid framework for your thesis.As an example for our topic, you might write:In Return of the Jedi, Luke wears black, as he confronts the truth about his father.ConnectionThe connection, or the why, is what follows a piece of evidence. You should never use a quote, paraphrase, or example without explaining why it is important. This connection is what ties the evidence and claim together to make a cohesive analysis.For our example topic, you might draw a connection this way:This signifies that Luke was allowing the dark side to influence his thoughts and actions.TransitionAfter you have connected your evidence and claim, you are ready to move on to the next claim or paragraph. To do so, you must include a logical transition. This transition can be at the end of your prior paragraph, or at the beginning of the new one, depending on the flow of your paragraphs.In our example, we might use the following as a transition at the beginning of the next para graph.Likewise, we see Anakin under this same dark influence when he first appears in the color black.ConclusionThe conclusion is the final punch of your analytical essay. This is where you will wrap up your essay, restate your main points, and often reword your thesis with the understanding that the reader has seen your evidence. This is the last thing your reader will read, so make it powerful.For our example topic, you might write something like this:Throughout Star Wars, visual symbolism reflects a characters personality and innocence to the reality of the evil in the world. Often, characters who wore white, such as Luke and Leia, were portrayed as innocent in comparison to Darth Vader, who wore black. To show this, as Luke became more aware of evil, Lucas moved his costume through a color scheme of white to neutral and finally to black, as a reflection of his loss of innocence. Lucas uses this powerful visual technique to represent a characters journey symbolically.After workin g through the various components of an analytical essay, the actual writing process should go smoothly (and quickly!). In fact, the components of the essay dont even have to be written in chronological order once youve written a solid introduction with a good thesis, and have researched the topic thoroughly.

Summarize articles and write opinion about the articles Essay

Summarize articles and write opinion about the articles - Essay Example Institutions such as the University of California face challenges from their policies and values while private institutions and colleges have a level of freedom that offers them an advantage. Solutions such as privatization, greater government responsibility, and enlisted public support, efficient use of resources, better leadership, and long-term focus however exist for the tough choices facing research universities. The situation further establishes uncertainties on future productivities, resource utilization, and effects of resource constraints. Research universities however remain a necessity that faces challenges from its environment (Kerr 184- 197). The author succeeds in discussing the dilemma of research universities that are necessary in the society but faces challenges of resource constraints and competition from other institutions. This may threaten service delivery of the research universities, force them to compromise towards sustainability, and therefore lose their core objective. The hard choices that the universities face are therefore significant macro social problems and stakeholders in the public and private sectors should collaborate to preserve the universities’ stake. The article explores the history of colleges and notes challenges that colleges faced in the ancient period. The author focuses on problems that faced colleges to their ultimate collapse with scarcity of different resources such that a college that has a type of asset lacked other necessary assets for its operations. Despite this, there was hope and Absalom Peters envisioned the United States as a land of colleges. This manifested years later and at a period, England’s population of 23 million had only four universities while the state of Ohio had 37 higher learning institutions for its three million-population size. The major problem in the early colleges in the

Aircraft Electrical and Mechanical Systems Case Study

Aircraft Electrical and Mechanical Systems - Case Study Example This is why the name static to distinguish it from other concepts such as dynamic and absolute pressure. Atmospheric pressure reduces height and vice versa. The main explanation for this phenomenon is that Air has weight, and it is this weight exerted on a unit area of a surface that is known as pressure. The atmospheric pressure can be defined as the total force or weight by an air column at a point or area. Moving up means the air column is reducing resulting in less weight due to less air. Therefore, the pressure becomes less, which explains why atmospheric pressure reduces with height. Air presses on us more when at sea level that when on a mountaintop. This because at sea level the air pressure is approximately 14.7 lbs. /in2 and this value reduce as one goes up. Pressure varies significantly as one moves from the earth’s surface upwards to the top of the atmosphere. At higher altitudes, there is less air resulting in less weight and consequently less pressure. Therefore, mathematically the density and pressure of air reduce with elevation. Airspeed refers to the speed of an aircraft comparative to the air. Airspeed is measured ordinarily on board an aircraft using an airspeed indicator that is connected to a pitot-static system. The relationship between pressure and airspeed is that the function of calibrated airspeed is part of the compressible impact pressure. It is also important to note that, at sea level pressure, the rate of equivalent airspeed is equal to calibrated airspeed. 1. Description of types of basic pitot/static probes found on most 1st and 2nd generation aircraft 1st and 2nd generation aircrafts relied on non-compensating pitot tubes. These tubes were also associated with errors in static pressure measurements. Modern aerodynamic pitot tubes have an ogival shape (Clancy, 1975, p. 97). The shape is because of the formation of a quadratic polynomial profile.